26.12.10

I don't see it as politics....

See Ai Weiwei's expo with Acconci in Parasite, Hong Kong

Ai Weiwei in the wall street journal

http://www.metropolism.com/fresh-signals/ai-weiwei-in-the-wall-street-jou-1/

11/02/2010

By AI WEIWEI
China may have become the second-biggest economy in the world, but its political system remains stuck in the early 20th century. Even as Chinese people's horizons are broadening, the government clings to a one-party ideology that is hostile to personal freedom. Technology is making possible greater expression and political participation, but that has only prompted the authorities to work harder to stifle these impulses.

All this makes Google's decision to stop censoring to protect its China operations especially significant. First, it is encouraging for the Chinese people to see that a leading Internet company recognizes that censorship is a violation of basic human rights and values. Such controls damage the core ethos underpinning the Internet.

To stand up and speak out in a society in which those values are under constant attack requires courage and deserves moral support. Politicians and enterprises should not trade those basic rights for profits, because any short-term deal will only lead to long-term losses.

In several cases the judicial system has used information from an accused person's email as evidence of attempting to overthrow the government. This is a clear case showing how an authoritarian state can use technology not to benefit social life and improve political participation, but rather to violate the privacy of individuals and control their thinking, communication and expression.

From last October, I found that two of my Gmail accounts were being hacked by unknown intruders, and my Gmail messages were being automatically transferred to an unknown address. Other activists have reported the same intrusions to their Gmail accounts.

Most discouraging to those of us who are fighting for increased freedom is the tendency for developed nations to lower the bar to please China. They make excuses not to concern themselves with violations of human rights. To espouse universal values and then blind oneself to China's active hostility to those values is irresponsible and naïve.

When American officials come to China with a pretty smile and the soft tone of a so-called "friendly gesture," this only tells us how fragile and vulnerable these moral standards can be. It makes the people still in the struggle feel disappointed.

In recent months China has tightened its censorship over every medium, from the Internet to the mainstream media to instant messaging over mobile phones. This is the mark of a government that has lost confidence in its own ideology and is nervous about its power to control its own people. Stopping the free exchange of information ultimately hampers economic growth and opportunity, which is the Chinese government's main claim to legitimacy. The question then is how a state based on limiting information flows and freedom of speech can remain powerful. And if it can, what kind of monster it will become.

Mr. Ai is a Beijing-based artist and activist.

23.12.10

Tate

http://aiweiwei.tate.org.uk/content/635326970001

For Ai Weiwei, voicing opinions and communicating with one another is of great importance.
From October 2010 to May 2011, visitors to Sunflower Seeds can record a video; either asking him their question or answering one from him. All the videos will appear here and Ai Weiwei will respond to a selection of questions.

Tate Channel: TateShots: Ai Weiwei in NYC

Tate Channel: TateShots: Ai Weiwei in NYC

Gabriel Orozco at Tate Modern: the curator’s blog | Tate Blog

Gabriel Orozco at Tate Modern: the curator’s blog | Tate Blog
Gabriel Orozco
19 January – 25 April 2011

Creative, playful and inventive, Gabriel Orozco creates art in the streets, his apartment or wherever he is inspired. Born in Mexico but working across the globe, Orozco is renowned for his endless experimentation with found objects, which he subtly and playfully alters.

His sculptures, often made of everyday things that have interested him, reveal new ways of looking at something familiar. A skull with a geometric pattern carefully drawn onto it, a classic Citroën DS car which the artist sliced into thirds, removing the central part to exaggerate its streamlined design, and a scroll filled with numbers cut out of a phone book are just some of his unique sculptures.

Orozco’s photos are also on display, capturing the beauty of fleeting moments: water collecting in a punctured football, tins of cat food arranged on top of watermelons in a supermarket, or condensed breath disappearing from the surface of a piano show Orozco’s eye for simple but surprising and powerful images.

His art also shows his fascination with game-playing, for example a billiard table with no pockets and a pendulum-like hanging ball, or Knights Running Endlessly, an extended chess board filled with an army of knights, both of which are well-known games to which he has added an element of futility. This kind of unexpected twist makes Orozco’s work interesting to both contemporary art lovers and also anyone who wants an unusual and captivating art experience.

Global exhibition sponsor: Fundación Televisa and the National Council for Culture and the Arts (CONACULTA), Mexico.

19.12.10

Wang Du

Le travail de Wang Du est une critique évidente de l’hégémonie des mass medias, comme principale force à la fois de manipulation sociale et économique et de mobilisation politique. Ce qu’il y a là d’intéressant, c’est que Wang Du commence sa critique en indexant l’aspect le plus « terre-à-terre » du mécanisme des médias. Autour de 1994, au début de ce travail de sculpture, il a collecté, dans les journaux et les magazines, les images des événements et personnalités les plus triviaux pour en faire des statues plus ou moins sérieuses et parfois monumentales. Ce geste de retourner sens dessus dessous les valeurs sociales les plus communément acceptées, compromettant la stratégie manipulatrice des mass médias, provoque souvent une vague de rire dans le public. Pour autant, personne ne doute qu’il implique également, de manière plus significative, une mordante critique des médias et de leur toute puissance hégémonique dans la société contemporaine.

Par la suite, Wang Du s’est consacré aux événements les plus sensationnels relayés par les médias, principalement ceux relevant du star system de la culture populaire, mais aussi ceux appartenant aux conflits géopolitiques. Il poursuit sa collecte d’images provenant de supports médiatiques variés pour en faire de grands collages. Ces images assemblées, allant de la banale anecdote à l’événement politique capital, de l’histoire vraie à la fiction, deviennent à leur tour les scénarii, voire les encyclopédies, d’un monde « réinventé » par le biais des médias eux-mêmes. Le travail de Wang Du, s’il est ouvertement provocateur, n’est pas moins amusant et visuellement rafraîchissant, que ce soit en termes de contenu – les images qu’il choisit pour constituer ses collages du monde médiatique – ou en termes de formes – le vocabulaire sculptural, l’échelle et la disposition dans l’espace, etc. Dans cette tension entre provocation et divertissement, on peut sentir une claire méfiance envers les relations artificielles entre image et sens tel qu’elles sont propagées par les médias, afin d’exercer leur pouvoir hégémonique.

Cette méfiance révèle une position tout aussi ouvertement provocatrice et avant-gardiste qui ne risque certainement pas d’être accusée de « politiquement correct.


Texte de Hou Hanru tiré de Wang Du Magazine « Je veux être un média »

7.12.10

Ai weiwei Youtube channel


http://www.youtube.com/user/aiweiweidocumentary#g/a

Shangai Studio

Ai Weiwei's Shanghai Studio from Ai Weiwei: Never Sorry on Vimeo.

Ai Weiwei

Ai WeiWei from WKCDialogues on Vimeo.

Ai Weiwei / River Crab Feast @ Shanghai Studio

Ai Weiwei / River Crab Feast @ Shanghai Studio from An Xiao Mina (An Xiao) on Vimeo.

Peter Weibel - Dead in the head

Peter Weibel - Sex in der Stadt

Joseph Beuys - Whiskey Ad

Joseph Beuys - Sonne statt Reagan 1982

22.10.10

BORIS GROYS/about mass production, copy and paste and 'the working body' today...

Boris Groys
Marx After Duchamp, or The Artist’s Two Bodies

And that is precisely what hundreds of millions of people around the world do every day in the context of contemporary media. As masses of people have become well informed about advanced art production through biennials, triennials, Documentas, and related coverage, they have come to use media in the same way as artists. Contemporary means of communication and social networks such as Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter offer global populations the ability to present their photos, videos, and texts in ways that cannot be distinguished from any post-Conceptualist artwork. And contemporary design offers the same populations a means of shaping and experiencing their apartments or workplaces as artistic installations. At the same time, the digital “content” or “products” that these millions of people present each day has no direct relation to their bodies; it is as “alienated” from them as any other contemporary artwork, and this means that it can be easily fragmented and reused in different contexts. And indeed, sampling by way of “copy and paste” is the most standard, most widespread practice on the internet. And it is here that one finds a direct connection between the quasi-industrial practices of post-Duchampian art and contemporary practices used on the internet—a place where even those who do not know or appreciate contemporary artistic installations, performances, or environments will employ the same forms of sampling on which those art practices are based. (And here we find an analogy to Benjamin’s interpretation of the public’s readiness to accept montage in cinema as having been expressed by a rejection of the same approach in painting).

Read furher

16.10.10

FAKE Singer at Olympic Opening

FAKE SEEDS

Copy the helmet of Darth Vader (Michael Rakowitz)

Darth Vader and Star Wars inspired Saddam Hussein Iraq army.

Ai Weiwei in TATE

Is it OK to steal a Turbine Hall seed? / Sun Flower Seed Donation @ TATE MODERN


http://www.facebook.com/event.php?eid=146337922077397&ref=ts


Tate



http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/gallery/2010/oct/11/aiwewei-sunflower-seeds-tate-modern?intcmp=239#/?picture=367519759&index=0




14.10.10

contactsheet images blog









no more excuses



gesprekken over het publiceren van artistiek onderzoek

Maurizio Nannucci (°Firenze, 1939) is een pionier van de concrete en visuele poëzie.
Vanuit zijn thuisbasis Firenze onderhoudt hij sinds 1967 contacten met de internationale neo-avant-garde, en dit ondermeer via zijn alternatieve uitgeverij Exempla Editions, die de basis vormde voor de kunstenaarsgroep Zona en de Zona Archives, een omvangrijk archief van kunstenaarspublicaties en multipels. No More Excuses is Nannucci’s bijdrage aan de gesprekken die Track Report. Cahier voor artistiek onderzoek van de Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten Antwerpen, organiseert. 

Beleidsvoerders, docenten en onderzoekers aan de kunsthogescholen hebben al een tijd de mond vol van onderzoek in de kunst. Het ‘ontsluiten’ van de onderzoeksresultaten vormt een belangrijk aspect.
Dat gebeurt ondermeer via periodieke publicaties, tijdschriften en onderzoekscahiers.
Maar hoe relevant zijn deze publicaties eigenlijk voor de hedendaagse kunst en het onderzoek in de kunst? Fungeren zij als artistiek platform of enkel als (zelf)promotie? Vervullen zij hun rol als snijpunt van praktijk en reflectie? Hoe verhouden zij zich tot de rijke traditie van neo-avantgarde kunstenaarspublicaties?  

Deze en andere vragen komen aan bod op het panelgesprek dat Track Report naar aanleiding van het verschijnen van drie nieuwe nummers (door Johan Swinnen, Lieven Segers, Mark Luyten, Arthur Cools & Nico Dockx) organiseert. In de context daarvan stelden kunstenaar Nico Dockx en kunsthistoricus Johan Pas een tentoonstelling samen met inspirerende periodieke kunstenaarspublicaties van de laatste vijf decennia.

28 oktober 2010,
opening expo 17h, gesprekken 18h
Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten Antwerpen, Mutsaardstraat 31, 2000 Antwerpen (aula Pand / Wintertuin)
Voorstelling TR10/01 (Johan Swinnen), TR10/02 (Arthur Cools, Nico Dockx & Mark Luyten), TR10/03 (Lieven Segers)
moderatie: Thomas Crombez
Panelgesprek: Koenraad Dedobbeleer, Luc Derycke, Nico Dockx, Wilfried Huet, Els Roelandt en Boy Vereecken
(moderator: Johan Pas)

8.10.10

Obama roept China op Liu vrij te laten - Nobelprijzen - VK

Obama roept China op Liu vrij te laten - Nobelprijzen - VK

Peking noemt Nobelprijskeuze "obsceen"

Peking noemt Nobelprijskeuze "obsceen"

Liu Xiaobo Wins Nobel Peace Prize: Early Reactions on Twitter

Liu Xiaobo Wins Nobel Peace Prize: Early Reactions on Twitter

De Standaard - Nobelprijs voor de Vrede voor Chinese dissident

De Standaard - Nobelprijs voor de Vrede voor Chinese dissident

Chinese dissident Liu krijgt Nobelprijs voor de Vrede

VRT Chinese dissident Liu krijgt Nobelprijs voor de Vrede



Chinese dissident Xiaobo krijgt Nobelprijs voor de vrede / China blokkeert berichtgeving over Nobelprijs

De Morgen Buitenland - Chinese dissident Xiaobo krijgt Nobelprijs voor de vrede

China blokkeert berichtgeving over Nobelprijs

6.10.10

Francis Alys - L'imprévoyance de la nostalgie, 1999 Ai Weiwei - One-Man Shoe, 1987

statistics on our blog

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5.10.10

W A L L / Francis Alys - Ai Weiwei





MDD - too too much much / Thomas Hirschhorn

Thomas Hirschhorn over het project TOO TOO – MUCH MUCH:

« Too Too – Much Much is een werk dat mijn richtlijn ‘Energy : Yes ! Quality : No !’ volgt. Er zijn twee ‘topics’ in dit werk. De eerste is gelinkt aan het motief : de drankblikjes, de consumptie, het teveel terwijl de tweede topic verband houdt met de taak van de kunstenaar om altijd teveel te willen doen, om niet tot de essentie te komen, om integendeel voorbij te gaan aan de essentie, om werkelijk te veel te doen. Deze twee topics vinden elkaar – desalniettemin – in één vorm. De Vorm Too Too – Much Much. De vorm van dit werk is eveneens een manifest voor de bevestiging dat de kunstenaarspraktijk noch theorie, noch pure praktijk is. Het werk van de kunstenaar moet absoluut verder gaan dan de theorie en de praktijk. »



1.10.10

artistic method (avantgarde?)

"We soon moved to the idea of a collective and magazine. We needed a name and found it by utilising the precedent of Dada i.e. by opening a dictionary at random."There my finger alighted on icteric - meaning jaundiced and a cure for jaundice. Undoubtedly a happy accident; a kind of objective chance. We took on board much of the anti-art aesthetic - the jaundiced; but also the idea of the curative; thus we could indulge the luxury of continuing to make art.


See also earlier info on this link on our blog...
Uit  Roy Hunt, Icteric and Poetry must be made by all / Transform the World: A note on a lost and suppressed avant-garde and exhibition.

30.9.10

Jan Van Eyck - Yearbook 2009 : visual research

uit (H) ART - hedendaagse chinese kunst in de jaren 80. Een geschenk uit de (Chinese) hemel

De Stars eisen artistieke vrijheid in 1979, foto Jeanne Boden

Het Asian Art Archive in Hongkong en het MOMA in New York sloegen de handen in elkaar voor een gigantisch prestigieus project dat momenteel wordt voorgesteld: de lancering van de website www.china1980s.org, met een boekpublicatie ‘Contemporary Chinese Art. Primary Documents' in een redactie van Wu Hung. Dat gaat gepaard met evenementen in Hongkong, Beijing, Shanghai en New York. Met dit project wordt voor het eerst op een gestructureerde manier materiaal ter beschikking gesteld over het ontstaan van de hedendaagse Chinese kunst in de jaren 1980.

further research

 B O O K S 

The success of this archive will depend on the extent of its usage. Therefore, we urge everyone — students, professional colleagues, enthusiasts and friends — to explore this website, visit our physical library in Hong Kong, and augment this resource with ideas, suggestions, new information and material. We are delighted to assist you in any way we can, and thank you very much in advance for your interest and guidance.
An archive is not static, and neither is this project. Opportunities to collect new material and to pursue new avenues of inquiry will continue to develop. But as we conclude this critical initial phase, we would like to acknowledge the generous support of a long list of valuable contributors without whom this project could not have come this far.


 

A Stars Chronology


Published in: Hui, Ching-shuen, ed. Xing Xing Shi Nian = The Star: 10 Years, Exhibition Catalogue. Hong Kong: Hanart Gallery, 1989, p. 87.
Year: 1989
Period Covered: 1979-1980
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chinese Contemporary Art Chronology 1977-1986


Published in: Gao, Minglu ed. Zhongguo Dang Dai Mei Shu Shi 1985-1986 = A History of Contemporary Chinese Art 1985-1986. Shanghai: Shanghai Ren Min Chu Ban She, 1991, pp. 689-721.
Year: 1991
Period Covered: 1977-1986
Language/s: Chinese


 

Incident, Context

Compiled by: Lu Peng, Yi Dan
Published in: Lu, Peng, and Dan Yi. Zhongguo Xian Dai Yi Shu Shi = A History of China Modern Art 1979-1989. Changsha: Hunan Mei Shu Chu Ban She, 1991, pp. 385-409.
Year: 1991
Period Covered: 1976-1989
Language/s: Chinese


Chronology of Chinese Avant-Garde Art, 1979-1993


Published in: Andrews, Julia, Gao Minglu and Zhou Yan. Fragmented Memory: The Chinese Avant-garde in Exile, Exhibition Catalogue. Columbus: Wexner Center for the Arts, Ohio State University, 1993, pp. 14-19.
Year: 1993
Period Covered: 1979-1993
Language/s: English


  

Important Events in Chinese Contemporary Art

Compiled by: Jochen Noth, Wolfger Poehlmann, Kai Reschke
Published in: Noth, Jochen, Wolfger Poehlmann, Kai Reschke, eds. China Avant-garde: Counter-currents in Art and Culture. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1994, pp. 342-3.
Year: 1994
Period Covered: 1979-1992
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chronology of Oil Painting in China (1977-1994)


Published in: Dang Dai Zhongguo You Hua = Contemporary Chinese Oil Paintings, Exhibition Catalogue. Hong Kong: University Museum and Art Gallery, University of Hong Kong, 1994, pp. 97-100.
Year: 1994
Period Covered: 1977-1994
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chronology:Mainland China and Taiwan

Compiled by: Gao Minglu, Qian Zhijian
Published in: Gao, Minglu, ed. Inside Out: New Chinese Art, Exhibition Catalogue. New York: Asia Society Galleries, The San Francisco Museum of Modern Art and The University of California, 1998, pp. 197-204.
Year: 1998
Period Covered: 1977-1997
Language/s: English


 

Chronology of 20th Century Chinese Oil Painting

Compiled by: Shui Tianzhong
Published in: Shui, Tianzhong, ed. 20 Shi Ji Zhongguo You Hua Zhan Zuo Pin Ji (Shang Hai Zhan)= China Art in the Twentieth Century (Exhibition in Shanghai), Exhibition Catalogue. Nanning: Guangxi Mei Shu Chu Ban She, 2000, pp. 313-30.
Year: 2000
Period Covered: 1900-2000
Language/s: Chinese


 

Notes and Illustrations to Major Trends in the Development of Modern Chinese Art

Compiled by: Li Xianting
Published in: Doran, Valerie C., ed. China's New Art, Post-1989 = Hou Ba Jiu Zhongguo Xin Yi Shu, Exhibition Catalogue, Hong Kong: Asia Art Archive, 2001, pp. LXXII-IC.
Year: 2001
Period Covered: 1930s-1989
Language/s: English, Chinese


 

Lu Peng: A Chronology of Contemporary Chinese Art History 1976-2000

Compiled by: Lu Peng
Published in: Acret, Susan, Claire Hsu, eds. Paris – Pekin, Exhibition Catalogue. Paris: Chinese Century, 2002, pp. 274-87.
Year: 2002
Period Covered: 1976-2000
Language/s: English



Chronologie

Compiled by: Marion Bertagna
Published in: Lemonnier, Anne, ed. Alors, La Chine?: Catalogue De L'exposition Présentée Au Centre Pompidou, Exhibition Catalogue. Paris: Centre Pompidou, 2003, pp. 330-7.
Year: 2003
Period Covered: 1976-2003
Language/s: French


 

Chinese Contemporary Art and Crticism Chronology (1978-2002)

Compiled by: Jia Fangzhou
Published in: Jia, Fangzhou, ed. Pi Ping De Shi Dai: 20 Shi Ji Mo Zhongguo Mei Shu Pi Ping Wen Cui = Era of Criticism: Selected Works of Chinese Art Critics in the End of 20th Century I. Nanning: Guangxi Mei Shu Chu Ban She, 2003, pp. 400-27.
Year: 2003
Period Covered: 1978-2002
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chronology 1979-2004

Compiled by: Feng Boyi
Published in: Ai, Weiwei, Estelle Bories, Hou Hanru, Li Xianting, Pi Li, Uli Sigg. Mahjong: Contemporary Chinese Art from the Sigg Collection, Exhibition Catalogue. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2005, pp. 324-54.
Year: 2005
Period Covered: 1979-2004
Language/s: English


 

Chronology of Chinese Contemporary Art in Mainland China [1976-2004]


Published in: Gao, Minglu. The Wall: Reshaping Contemporary Chinese Art , Exhibition Catalogue.Buffalo, NY: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, 2005, pp. 368-83.
Year: 2005
Period Covered: 1976-2004
Language/s: English, Chinese


Chronology of Art Events in Northeastern China

Compiled by: Guo, Xiaoyan, Dong, Bingfeng
Published in: Wang, Huangsheng, ed. Cong "ji Di" Dao "tie Xi Qu": Dong Bei Dang Dai Yi Shu Zhan, 1985-2006 = Henomena and Situations since 1985: From 'Polar Region' to 'Tie Xi Qu' -- Exhibition of Contemporary Art in Northeast China 1985-2006, Exhibition Catalogue. Guangzhou: Ling Nan Mei Shu Chu Ban She, 2006, pp. 185-205.
Year: 2006
Period Covered: 1983-2006
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chinese Avant-garde Art Chronology

Compiled by: Liu Ai
Published in: Lu, Hong. Yue Jie: Zhongguo Xian Feng Yi Shu, 1979-2004 = China Avant-grade Art. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Mei Shu Chu Ban She, 2006, pp.422-43.
Year: 2006
Period Covered: 1979.1-2005.5
Language/s: Chinese


Key Dates in Chinese History and Art 1976-1984

Compiled by: Huang Rui
Published in: Huang, Rui, ed. Huang Rui: The Stars Times 1977-1984. Beijing: Thinking Hands + Guanyi Contemporary Art Archive, 2007, pp. 332-7.
Year: 2007
Period Covered: 1976-1984
Language/s: English


A Time Line of '85 New Wave

Compiled by: Fei Dawei
Published in: Fei, Dawei. '85 Xin Chao: Zhongguo Di Yi Ci Dang Dai Yi Shu Yun Dong = '85 New Wave : the Birth of Chinese Contemporary Art, Exhibition Catalogue. Abridged ed. Shanghai: Century Group, 2007.
Year: 2007
Period Covered: 1976-1990
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chronology of the No Name Group's Activities


Published in: Gao, Minglu, Zhang Yun-Juan, Sheng Wei, and Wang Zhiliang eds. Wu Ming: Yi Ge Bei Ju Qian Wei De Li Shi = The No Name : A History of a Self-exiled Avant-garde. Guilin: Guangxi Shi Fan Da Xue Chu Ban She, 2007, pp.255-307.
Year: 2007
Period Covered: 1952-2004
Language/s: Chinese


 

Chinese Contemporary Art Chronology: 1977-1989


Published in: Gao, Minglu, Shu Qun, Tong Dian, Wang Xiaojian, Wang Mingxian, and Zhou Yan. 85 Movement: The Enlightenment of Chinese Avant-garde. Guilin: Guangxi Normal University Press, 2008, pp. 504-37.
Year: 2008
Period Covered: 1977-1989
Language/s: Chinese


 

Time Line

Compiled by: Karen Smith
Published in: Smith, Karen. Nine Lives: the Birth of Avant-garde Art in New China. Updated ed. Beijing: Timezone 8, 2008, pp. 24-31.
Year: 2008
Period Covered: 1942-2007
Language/s: English


Chronology of Chinese Avant-Garde Art

Compiled by: Kashiwagi Seiko
Published in: Fei, Dawei, Furuta Hirotoshi, Hirai Shoichi, Hirayoshi Yukihiro, Nagaya Mitsue, Nakai Yasuyuki, Tatehata Akira. Avangyarudo Chaina: Chūgoku Tōdai Bijutsu Nijūnen = Avant-garde China: Twenty Years of Chinese Contemporary Art, Exhibition Catalogue. Osaka: Kokuritsu Kokusai Bijutsukan (The National Museum of Art), 2008, pp.178-84.
Year: 2008
Period Covered: 1942-2007
Language/s: Japanese


Chronology of Events in Hubei, Hunan

Compiled by: Wang Huangsheng
Published in: Huangsheng, Wang, ed. Liang Hu Chao Liu - Hu Bei / Hu Nan Dang Dai Yi Shu Zhan =Phenomena and Situations since 1985: Trends in Hubei and Hunan. Hong Kong: Gongyuan Chuban Youxian Gongsi, 2009, pp. 298-343.
Year: 2009
Period Covered: 1979-2009
Language/s: Chinese